What was uruk

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Uruk was an ancient city located in present day Iraq situated roughly km south of Baghdad , on an ancient branch of the Euphrates River, known in the Bible as Erech now Warka. Uruk was the first major city in Sumer built in the 5th century BC, and is considered one of the largest Sumerian settlements and most important religious centers in Mesopotamia. It was continuously inhabited from about BC up to the 5th century AD. Gilgamesh, the King of the city's first dynasty and hero of the famous epic named after him, built the walls of the city years ago as Cuneiform texts indicates, and the Eanna house of An temple complex there, dedicated to the goddess Inanna, or Ishtar goddess of love, procreation, and war , which is symbolized by the star Venus.

Her worship went to the Greeks and Romans under the name of Aphrodite or Venus, who had exactly the same attributes as Ishtar. Uruk was an important city on two scores: religion and science, which is confirmed by the thousands of clay tablets dug up in it that goes back to the beginnings of writing about years ago - in the invention of which Uruk played a major role.

Excavations have revealed a series of very important structures and deposits of the 4th millennium BC and the site has given its name to the period that succeeded the "Ubaid" and proceeded the "Jemdet Nasr" periods of ancient Mesopotamia. The Uruk period saw the emergence of urban life in Mesopotamia and led to the full civilization of the Early Dynastic period.

Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art. Boehmer, Rainer M. New York: Oxford University Press, Nissen, Hans J. New Haven: Yale University Press, Visiting The Met? Head of a ram. Fragment of a bowl with a frieze of bulls in relief.